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1.
Odovtos (En línea) ; 23(3)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386551

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la concordancia existente entre el diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico de las lesiones en la mucosa oral en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR). Es un estudio retrospectivo de 261 informes de lesiones orales recuperados del archivo de biopsias de la Facultad de Odontología de la UCR de 2008 a 2015, fueron analizados 165 reportes que cumplian con los criterios de inclusión. La concordancia entre el diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico fue verificada mediante el test Kappa. Del total de los informes, 96 (36.8%) no contaban con alguna hipótesis diagnóstica. La concordancia con la primera hipótesis diagnóstica se presentó en 114 (69.1%) casos, el valor de kappa fue de 0.663 (concordancia sustancial). Las lesiones premalignas presentaron una concordancia excelente (kappa=0.902). La concordancia del grupo de lesiones proliferativas no neoplásicas fue moderada (kappa=0.504) y las condiciones dermatológicas y autoinmunes con una concordancia insignificante (0.157). La concordancia se produjo en la mayoría de los pacientes investigados con un valor correspondiente a un acuerdo sustancial, sin embargo, se debe mejorar el porcentaje de informes que no contaban con hipótesis clínica.


ABSTRACT: The objective of this study is to determine the existing concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnosis of lesions in the oral mucosa at the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Costa Rica (UCR). A retrospective study of 261 reports of oral lesions recovered from the biopsy archive of the UCR Faculty of Dentistry from 2008 to 2015. Of the total reports 165 were included in the analysis, 96 (36.8%) did not have any diagnostic hypotheses. The concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnosis was verified by the Kappa test. Concordance with the first diagnostic hypothesis was presented in 114 (69.1%) cases, the value of kappa was 0.663 (substantial agreement) and 36.8% without clinical diagnosis only a description of the lesion. The premalignant lesions presented an excellent concordance (kappa=0.902). The concordance of the group of non-neoplastic proliferative lesions was moderate (kappa=0.504) and the dermatological and autoimmune conditions with negligible concordance (0.157). Concordance occurred in the majority of the patients investigated with a value corresponding to a substantial agreement, however, the percentage of reports that did not have a clinical hypothesis should be improved.


Subject(s)
Humans , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Mouth Mucosa/injuries , Costa Rica
2.
Rev. medica electron ; 43(2): 3202-3211, mar.-abr. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1251937

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La preparación del personal docente en las universidades exige un alto nivel científico y de maestría pedagógica. Todo esto requiere un esmerado trabajo metodológico que garantice una planificación organización, regulación y control del proceso docente educativo. Para esto se diseñó una clase metodológica instructiva sobre mucosa oral, de la asignatura Sistema Masticatorio, en la disciplina Histología, con el objetivo de instruir al profesor en la utilización de la vinculación básico-clínica. Se indicó a los profesores cómo relacionar el contenido de la clase con la clínica, desde el punto de vista de las lesiones precancerosas y sus factores de riesgo. Se logró la instrucción de los docentes en la utilización del contenido de las asignaturas y disciplinas de las Ciencias Básicas con la relación básico-clínica, y así se contribuyó a ampliar el espectro científico metodológico de los docentes en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas (AU).


ABSTRACT Training the teaching staff in the universities demands a high scientific level and pedagogical expertise. All of these requires a careful methodological work guaranteeing the teaching-learning process planning, organization, regulation and control. For that the authors designed an instructive methodological lesson aimed to train the teaching staff in the use of the basic-clinical link during a lesson of the subject Masticatory System about Oral Mucosa, in the subject Histology. They indicate to professors how to relate the lesson content to clinic from the point of view of pre-cancer lesions and its risk factors. Training the teaching staff in the use of subjects and disciplines of the Basic Sciences with the basic-clinical relation, the authors contribute to widening the scientific methodological spectrum of the teaching staff of the Matanzas University of Medical Sciences (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Stomatognathic System/anatomy & histology , Lecture , Universities , Practice Guidelines as Topic/standards , Scientific Domains , Faculty, Dental/education , Faculty, Dental/standards , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology
3.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 24(1): 37e1-37e9, Jan.-Feb. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-989688

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Palatal rugae complete its development during early intrauterine life, whereas dental malocclusions in permanent dentition establishes several years into the post-natal life. Objective: The objective of present study was to determine if there is an association between the palatal rugae pattern and Angle's classes of malocclusion. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on pretreatment dental casts of 184 patients. The sample was divided into the following groups: Class I, Class II div. 1, Class II div. 2, and Class III. The number of palatal rugae was recorded, bilaterally. The length, pattern and orientation of three anterior-most primary rugae on both sides were recorded. Results: The mean age of the study sample was 17.8 ± 5.4 years. The mean number of the palatal rugae was 11.18 ± 2.5, with significant differences among different malocclusion groups. The length of the first rugae on left side and third rugae on both sides varied significantly among the groups (p< 0.05). Similarly, the pattern of palatal rugae was also found to be significantly different among the malocclusion groups. The right sided rugae did not have any significant difference in the orientation in different malocclusion groups; however, the left sided rugae showed significant differences among the four malocclusion groups (p< 0.001). Conclusions: The current study showed subtle differences in the palatal rugae pattern among the Angle's classes of malocclusion. Similarly, the length and orientation of some rugae were also found to be significantly different between malocclusion groups.


RESUMO Introdução: as rugas palatinas completam seu desenvolvimento ainda no início da vida intrauterina, enquanto as más oclusões dentárias na dentição permanente se estabelecem após vários anos de vida pós-natal. Objetivos: o presente estudo foi planejado para determinar se há associação entre o padrão das rugas palatinas e as más oclusões, segundo a classificação Angle. Métodos: um estudo transversal foi conduzido a partir dos modelos dentários pré-tratamento de 184 pacientes. A amostra foi dividida em quatro grupos: Classe I; Classe II, divisão 1; Classe II, divisão 2 e Classe III. O número de rugas palatinas foi registrado bilateralmente. O comprimento, padrão e a orientação das três rugas primárias mais anteriores de ambos os lados foram registrados. Resultados: a idade média da amostra desse estudo foi de 17,8 ± 5,4 anos. O número médio de rugas palatinas foi de 11,18 ± 2,5, com diferenças significativas entre os grupos de más oclusões. O comprimento da primeira ruga do lado esquerdo e da terceira ruga em ambos os lados variou significativamente entre os grupos (p< 0,05). De forma semelhante, o padrão das rugas palatinas também mostrou diferença significativa entre os grupos com diferentes má oclusões. As rugas do lado direito não apresentaram nenhuma diferença significativa de orientação nos diferentes grupos; no entanto, as rugas do lado esquerdo apresentaram diferenças significativas nos grupos estudados (p< 0,001). Conclusões: o presente estudo demonstrou diferenças sutis quanto ao padrão das rugas palatinas entre as classes de má oclusão definidas por Angle. Do mesmo modo, o comprimento e a orientação de algumas rugas também se apresentaram consideravelmente diferentes entre os grupos com diferentes má oclusões.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Palate, Hard/anatomy & histology , Malocclusion , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Cross-Sectional Studies
4.
HU rev ; 44(1): 23-28, 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-981862

ABSTRACT

O objetivo no presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão atualizada da literatura sobre os diferentes métodos não invasivos utilizados para avaliação da espessura muco-gengival. O biotipo gengival é considerado um dos principais elementos de influência no resultado do tratamento estético. Pacientes com gengiva espessa demonstram ser mais resistentes à recessão gengival após terapia cirúrgica e/ou restauradora. Em contrapartida, pacientes com biotipo fino apresentam maior risco de recessão, sendo necessário, muitas vezes, o enxerto de tecido conjuntivo. O palato é a principal área doadora para enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial, sendo que a determinação da espessura da mucosa palatina é de grande importância para a previsibilidade dos procedimentos cirúrgicos. Existem diversos métodos para mensurar a espessura muco-gengival, alguns considerados invasivos, como: a avaliação transgengival (ou transmucosa); e outros, mais recentes, considerados não invasivos, como as imagens seccionais de ultrassom, tomografias computadorizadas ou imagens de ressonância magnética. Apesar de diversos estudos demonstrarem resultados positivos do uso de exames por imagens para avaliação da espessura dos tecidos muco-gengivais, concluiu-se que os métodos invasivos ainda parecem ser os mais utilizados.


The aim of the present study was to carry out an updated review of the literature on the different non-invasive methods used to evaluate muco-gingival thickness. The gingival biotype is considered one of the main influential elements in the result of the aesthetic treatment. Patients with thick gingiva demonstrate to be more resistant to gingival recession after surgical and/or restorative therapy. On the other hand, patients with fine biotype are at greater risk of recession, often requiring the grafting of connective tissue. The palate is the main donor area for subepithelial connective tissue graft, and the determination of the thickness of the palatal mucosa is of great importance for the predictability of surgical procedures. There are several methods to measure muco-gingival thickness, some considered invasive, such as: transgingival (or transmucosal) evaluation; and others, more recent, considered noninvasive, such as sectional images of ultrasound, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Although several studies show the positive results of the use of images in the assessment of thickness of mucogingival tissues, invasive methods still appear to be the most used.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Gingiva/anatomy & histology , Gingiva/diagnostic imaging , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Mouth Mucosa/diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Ultrasonography
5.
ImplantNewsPerio ; 2(4): 690-697, jul.-ago. 2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-860013

ABSTRACT

Este relato descreveu um caso clínico no qual foi realizado um planejamento multidisciplinar priorizando, além do restabelecimento funcional, uma adequada estética ao paciente. Para que tais metas fossem alcançadas, foi importante a implementação de uma visão multidisciplinar do caso, garantindo um planejamento integrado capaz de reunir todos os requisitos para a otimização de resultados satisfatórios, considerando os padrões de estética periodontal e dental. O presente caso clínico descreveu uma abordagem clínica multidisciplinar para reabilitação anterior envolvendo cirurgia plástica periodontal, para aumento de coroa e confecção de facetas em resina composta pela técnica direta para devolução de estética dental, resultando em sucesso clínico e satisfação da paciente.


This report describes a clinical case in which a multidisciplinary planning was performed, prioritizing, in addition to functional restoration, adequate aesthetics to the patient. In order to achieve these goals, it was important to implement an interdisciplinary view of the case, guaranteeing an integrated planning capable of meeting all the requirements for the optimization of satisfactory results, considering the patterns of periodontal and dental aesthetics. The present case report describes a multidisciplinary clinical approach for previous rehabilitation involving periodontal plastic surgery for crown lengthening and direct composite resin veneers to retrieve dental esthetics achieving clinical success and patient satisfaction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Dental Veneers , Esthetics, Dental , Gingivoplasty/methods , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Periodontics , Surgery, Oral/methods
6.
Arch. alerg. inmunol. clin ; 48(1): 9-20, 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-914546

ABSTRACT

La mucosa bucal ha sido utilizada en Medicina como órgano blanco para inducir moléculas farmacológicas, inmunomoduladoras y vacunas. Tales prácticas se han basado en "investigaciones científicas avaladas por sus resultados" y en la "Medicina basada en la evidencia". Hoy en día ambas terapias se aplican como prácticas correctas. Sin embargo, es posible establecer la pregunta siguiente: ¿Son conocidas, previamente, las características específicas de la mucosa oral y sus variantes? Para obtener una respuesta satisfactoria, se presenta una revisión sistemática de calidad, consultando en la bibliografía las cualidades específicas de la mucosa bucal.(AU)


Oral mucosa have been used in Medicine as a tarjet organ to induce pharmacological, immuno modulated molecules and vaccines .Such practices have been based on the scientific investigations results, and by "Evidence Based Medicine (EBM)". Today both therapies are applied as corrected practice. However, it´s possible to establish the following question: ¿There are known, previously, the specific characteristics of oral mucosa and its variants which could benefit or interfere the results? In order to identify relevant studies about this request, it´s present a systematic review of quality, consulting .specific bibliography.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Mouth Mucosa/drug effects , Mucous Membrane
7.
ImplantNewsPerio ; 1(2): 354-362, fev.-mar. 2016. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-847465

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi discutir algumas técnicas de cirurgia mucogengival usadas em Implantodontia, suas indicações e o melhor momento para serem empregadas. Foram identificados quatro momentos de importância clínica na manipulação dos tecidos mucosos e suas principais técnicas cirúrgicas correspondentes: 1) antes da instalação do implante: enxerto gengival livre, e enxerto de tecido conjuntivo (para minimizar as complicações nas cirurgias de primeiro e segundo estágios); 2) durante a instalação do implante: selamento do alvéolo modificado, enxerto pediculado de tecido conjuntivo (para fechar o alvéolo), reposicionamento coronal (que pode diminuir a profundidade do vestíbulo), o reposicionamento lateral do retalho (podendo causar recessão no sítio doador), retalho palatino de espessura dividida (que evita as desvantagens das outras técnicas), e o enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial (para aumentar e manter a espessura da mucosa vestibular favorecendo a estética); 3) durante a conexão do pilar protético: retalho palatino ou incisão circular, incisão em H (que são conservadoras), retalho reposicionado apicalmente (que aumenta a gengiva queratinizada vestibular), enxerto da tuberosidade, retalho em rolo (que mantem a cor a textura, mas possui sitio doador limitado); e 4) após a conexão do pilar protético: enxertos onlay/inlay, enxerto conjuntivo envelopado, e as técnicas de recontorno gengival. Embora o cirurgião possa valer-se das técnicas de cirurgia mucogengival a qualquer tempo, uma abordagem criteriosa antes da instalação do implante ou mesmo durante sua instalação pode eliminar a necessidade de procedimentos cirúrgicos adicionais, reduzindo o custo e tempo de tratamento.


The aim of this study was to discuss some mucogingival surgery techniques for implant dentistry, their indications, and best moments for application. Four stages of clinical importance regarding mucosal tissue management were identified with their main corresponding surgical techniques: 1) before implant placement: free gingival graft and the connective tissue graft (to minimize complications in the first and second surgical stages); 2) during implant placement: modified socket seal, the pedicle connective tissue graft (to close the alveolus), coronal flap positioning (which can reduce the vestibular depth), the lateral flap positioning (which may cause recession in donor site), split-thickness palatal flap (which avoids the disadvantages of other techniques), and the subepithelial connective tissue graft (to augment and maintain the thickness of the buccal mucosa favoring aesthetics); 3) during abutment connection: palatal flap or circular incision, H-type incision (which is more conservative), the apically positioned flap (which increases the keratinized buccal gingiva), the tuberosity graft, the palatal roll flap (which keeps color and texture, but has limited donor site availability); and 4) after abutment connection: inlay/onlay grafts, the envelop connective tissue graft, and techniques for gingival recontouring. Although the surgeon can use all those mucogingival surgical techniques at any time, a careful approach before implant placement or even during its installation can eliminate the need for additional surgical procedures, reducing treatment time and costs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Implants , Esthetics, Dental , Gingival Recession , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Surgery, Oral/methods
8.
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-875307

ABSTRACT

The sound producing apparatus of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) presents a complex anatomic structure composed of melon, spermaceti, phonic lips, vocal cap, case, papillae, spermaceti chamber and other airspaces, as well as facial muscles involved in sound production. The spermaceti chamber rests on the caudal portion of the premaxilla, with part of its mucosa covered with spherical/oval-shaped structures (approximately 1 to 2 mm in diameter), compatible with vesicles (previously referred to as "papillae"). Macroscopical examination revealed whitish, firm, widely and irregularly distributed vesicular mucosa on the premaxillary portion of the spermaceti chamber of a K. sima specimen stranded on the coast of Santos (southeastern Brazilian coast). Upon microscopic examination, walls of connective tissue with abundant type I collagen forming vesicles with an internal space or cavity filled with a small amount of eosinophilic substance compatible with mucoproteic fluid were observed. The base of such vesicles presented glands within the connective tissue, probably responsible for fluid production. This study describes the histology of the mucosa of the spermaceti chamber of a K. sima specimen and characterizes the glands associated with fluid production.(AU)


O sistema de produção sonora do cachalote-anão (Kogia sima) apresenta uma complexa estrutura anatômica composta por melão, espermacete, lábios fônicos, "vocal cap", "case", papilas, câmara do espermacete e outros espaços aéreos, além de músculos faciais envolvidos na produção sonora. A câmara do espermacete localiza-se na porção caudal da pré-maxila, apresentando parte de sua mucosa recoberta por estruturas esférico-ovaladas de aproximadamente 1 a 2 mm de diâmetro, compatíveis com vesículas (previamente denominadas "papilas"). Ao exame macroscópico de um espécime de K. sima encalhado no litoral de Santos (sudeste da costa brasileira), foi identificada mucosa esbranquiçada e firme ao corte, ampla e irregularmente distribuída na porção pré-maxilar da câmara do espermacete. Ao exame microscópico foram observadas vesículas compostas por abundante tecido conectivo de colágeno tipo I, dando origem a um espaço interno ou cavidade, contendo pequena quantidade de substância eosinófila, compatível com fluido mucoprotêico. Estruturas glandulares foram observadas em tecido conjuntivo na base das vesículas, provavelmente responsáveis pela produção do fluido observado no interior das mesmas. Esse estudo caracteriza histologicamente a mucosa da câmara do espermacete de um espécime de K. sima e as glândulas relacionadas a sua produção secretória.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Facial Muscles/anatomy & histology , Jaw/anatomy & histology , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Vocalization, Animal , Whales/anatomy & histology , Animal Communication , Cetacea/anatomy & histology
9.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-771681

ABSTRACT

Fueron analizados los parámetros de proporción dentaria, posición del cénit gingival, posición y tamaño de las papilas interdentarias, biotipo gingival, cantidad de encía queratinizada y línea de la sonrisa en las 6 piezas anterosuperiores en 31 estudiantes de odontología chilenos. Se estableció un patrón de proporción dentaria similar al descrito previamente en la literatura. La posición de cénit presentó un patrón definido. El biotipo gingival fino fue el más frecuente. Los incisivos laterales presentaron la mayor cantidad de encía queratinizada, seguidos por los incisivos centrales y luego los caninos. La altura de la papila a nivel de los caninos fue mayor que en los incisivos centrales, mientras que los valores más bajos fueron encontrados a nivel de los incisivos laterales. Existió una predominancia de la línea de la sonrisa media.


Tooth proportion, gingival zenith position, position and size of the interdental papillae, gingival biotype, amount of keratinized gingiva and smile line position were evaluated in the 6 upper front teeth in 31 Chilean dental students. The tooth proportion pattern was similar to that described previously in the literature. The zenith position showed an established pattern. A thin gingival biotype was found more frequently. Lateral incisors showed the highest amount of keratinized tissue, followed by central incisors and then the canines. The height of the papillae at the canines was higher than central incisors, while the lowest values were found in the lateral incisors. There was a predominance of a medium smile line.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Gingiva/anatomy & histology , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Students, Dental , Biotypology , Chile , Esthetics, Dental
10.
Acta odontol. venez ; 52(1)2014. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-777814

ABSTRACT

Se realiza un estudio de tipo documental, retrospectivo, transversal. La población del presente estudio estuvo representada por un total de 9.000 historias diagnosticadas en el Laboratorio Central de Histopatología Bucal "Dr. Pedro Tinoco" de la Facultad de Odontología de la U.C.V., durante el período 1988-2008. La muestra evaluada quedó conformada por un total de Cuatro Mil Ciento Sesenta y Seis (4.166) casos, los cuales fueron seleccionados de manera intencional no probabilística a partir de la población antes mencionada siguiendo criterios de inclusión y exclusión. La prevalencia de Lesiones Benignas y Desórdenes Potencialmente Malignos que afectan la Mucosa Bucal es alta (46,2%) con respecto a la muestra total estudiada (9000 casos). De acuerdo al Grupo Etario observamos un intervalo de edad entre 15 y 97 años, una media de 47,3 años y Desv. Tip de 16,5 (Y ± s : 47,3 ± 16,5). En relación a la distribución por Género, en nuestro estudio existe un predominio de las lesiones de la mucosa bucal por el sexo femenino (69,7%). En base al diagnóstico clínico se identificaron 77 lesiones diferentes. El Fibroma Traumático fue la lesión más común con 1042 casos (25,01%), seguida por la Leucoplasia con 764 casos (18,33%), la Hiperplasia Fibrosa por Prótesis Dental con 447 casos (10,73%). En referencia a las diferentes localizaciones anatómicas mayormente afectadas en este estudio: el Reborde Alveolar ocupó el primer lugar (1134 casos; 27,2%), seguida por Los Carrillos (639 casos; 15,33%), Labio Inferior (522 casos; 12,5%), Encías (493 casos; 11,8%).En referencia al grado de Concordancia global entre el Diagnóstico Clínico e Histopatológico fue del 75,9 % de los casos (3.161 casos de 4.166). Situación que nos permite asumir que la concordancia global es satisfactoria.


A study of documentary, retrospective, cross. The study population was represented by a total of 9,000 stories diagnosed at the Central Laboratory of Oral Histopathology "Dr. Pedro Tinoco " in the Faculty of Dentistry at UCV, during the period 1988-2008 . The sample studied was composed of a total of Four Hundred Sixty Six Thousand (4,166 ) cases , which were selected intentionally not random from the population above following inclusion and exclusion criteria . Injury prevalence Benign and Potentially Malignant Disorders affecting Mucosa is high ( 46.2 %) compared to the total study sample (9000 cases). According to Age Group observed an age range between 15 and 97 years , an average of 47.3 years and 16.5 Desv.Tip (Y ± s : 47.3 ± 16.5). Regarding the Gender distribution in our study there is a prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in females (69.7 %). Clinical diagnoses based on 77 different lesions were identified. The Traumatic fibroma was the most common injury in 1042 patients (25.01%), followed by leukoplakia with 764 cases (18.33%), Fibrous Hyperplasia By Dental Implants with 447 cases (10.73%). Referring to different anatomical locations most affected in this study: Alveolar Flange ranked first (1134 cases , 27.2 %), followed by The Cheeks (639 cases , 15.33%), Lower Lip (522 cases; 12.5%), Gum (493 cases, 11.8%). Referring to the degree of overall concordance between the Clinical and Histopathological diagnosis was 75.9% of cases (3,161 of 4,166 cases). This situation allows us to assume that the overall agreement is satisfactory.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Fibromatosis, Gingival/pathology , Leukoplakia, Oral/pathology , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Mouth Mucosa/injuries , Diagnosis, Oral , Mouth Diseases , Surgery, Oral
11.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2014. x,70 p. tab, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-762481

ABSTRACT

A leishmaniose é uma zoonose infecciosa causada por protozoários do gênero Leishmania, que parasitam as células do sistema mononuclear fagocitário. Esta doença pode se manifestar de duas formas: leishmaniose tegumentar e a leishmaniose visceral. A leishmaniose tegumentar pode acometer pele ou mucosas inclusive da cavidade oral. As lesões orais de leishmaniose por não serem ainda bem estudadas são frequentemente confundidas com outras doenças da boca, o que atrasa o diagnóstico e o tratamento específico, aumentando a probabilidade de sequelas. Desta maneira, aumentar o conhecimento da evolução das lesões orais de leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) pode auxiliar no diagnóstico precoce da infecção, melhorando seu prognóstico. Objetivos: Avaliar a frequência da ocorrência de lesões orais de LTA e descrever suas peculiaridades clínicas, laboratoriais, e terapêuticas. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal descritivo com amostra de conveniência, utilizando dados obtidos de prontuários e de exame clínico das mucosas das vias aéreo-digestivas superiores de 206 pacientes com Leishmaniose Mucosa (LM), atendidos no Laboratório de Vigilância em Leishmanioses-IPEC-Fiocruz entre 1989 e 2013...


Leishmaniasis is an infectious zoonotic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, which infects the mononuclear phagocyte system. This disease can be clinical presented as: Tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) and visceral leishmaniasis. The TL can affect the skin and the mucosa (mucosal leishmaniasis – ML), including oral cavity. The oral lesions of TL are often confused with mouth’s lesions with other ethiologies, and as there are few studies characterizing oral leishmaniasis , the correct diagnosis and treatment can be delayed, increasing the likelihood of sequelae. In this way, the increase of knowledge about this site of TL lesions can help an early diagnosis of the infection and improve the patients prognosis. Objectives : Identify the frequency of occurrence of ATL oral lesions and describe the clinical, laboratorial and therapeutics characteristics. Methods: Was made a cross-sectional descriptive study with a convenience sample, using data obtained from medical records and specific clinical mucosa examination, especially the oral mucosa, of 206 patients with mucosal leishmaniasis (ML), treated at the ambulatory of Otorhinolaryngology, from Laboratório de Vigilância em Leishmanioses-IPEC-Fiocruz between 1989 e 2013...


Subject(s)
Humans , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Mouth Mucosa/pathology , Therapeutics
12.
J. appl. oral sci ; 21(3): 250-255, May/Jun/2013. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-679334

ABSTRACT

The nasopalatine region is composed of structures such as the vomeronasal organ and nasopalatine duct. The nasopalatine duct may provide the communication of the mouth to the nasal cavity in human fetuses and can be obliterated in an adult human. Knowledge on the development of the nasopalatine region and nasopalatine duct in humans is necessary for understanding the morphology and etiopathogenesis of lesions that occur in this region. Objective The aim of the present study was to describe the morphological aspects of the nasopalatine region in human fetuses and correlate these aspects with the development of pathologies in this region. Material and Methods Five human fetuses with no facial or palatine abnormalities were used for the acquisition of specimens from the nasopalatine region. After demineralization, the specimens were histologically processed. Histological cuts were stained with methylene blue to orient the cutting plane and hematoxylin-eosin for the descriptive histological analysis. Results The age of the fetuses was 8.00, 8.25, 9.00 and 9.25 weeks, and it was not possible to determine the age in the last one. The incisive canal was observed in all specimens as an opening delimited laterally by the periosteum and connecting oral and nasal cavity. The nasopalatine duct is an epithelial structure with the greatest morphological variation, with either unilateral or bilateral occurrence and total patent, partial patent and islet forms. The vomeronasal organ is a bilateral epithelized structure located alongside the nasal septum above the incisive canal in all the fetuses. Conclusions The incisive canal, nasopalatine duct and vomeronasal organ are distinct anatomic structures. The development of nasopalatine duct cysts may occur in all forms of the nasopalatine duct. .


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Fetus/anatomy & histology , Nasal Cavity/anatomy & histology , Palate/anatomy & histology , Fetus/embryology , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Mouth Mucosa/embryology , Mouth/anatomy & histology , Mouth/embryology , Nasal Cavity/embryology , Nasal Cavity/pathology , Nonodontogenic Cysts/embryology , Nonodontogenic Cysts/pathology , Palate/embryology , Palate/pathology , Vomeronasal Organ/anatomy & histology , Vomeronasal Organ/embryology
13.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-673944

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: realizar um estudo queiloscópico pela análise de características dos lábios como método de identificação humana, observando-se as possíveis divergências entre padrões de expressões fenotípicas de sulcos labiais de acordo com o sexo do indivíduo. Metodologia: investigou-se o padrão labial de 104 graduandos do curso de Odontologia. Mensurou-se a espessura dos lábios na região de linha média, utilizando a Escala de Hyzer-Krauss, classificando-os em delgados, médios, grossos ou mistos, a fim de analisar a disposição das comissuras labiais foram realizadas duas fotografias por sujeito participante, categorizando-as em horizontais, abaixadas e elevadas. Para a classificação dos sulcos (Tipos: I - linhas verticais completas; I? - verticais incompletas; II - ramificadas; III ? entrecruzadas; IV - reticulares e V - padrões indefinidos), fez-se uso de batons individuais e a tomada de impressões em cartolina branca pelo movimento de ?rolagem? da esquerda para direita. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando Testes Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher (p=0,05). Resultados: as comissuras horizontais (58,7%) e os lábios mistos (64,4%) obtiveram maior percentual, com lábios inferiores tendendo a uma maior espessura. Quanto aos sulcos, o Tipo II apresentou-se mais frequente (25,5%) seguido pelos Tipos III (23,2%) e I (22,8%). Segundo a variável sexo, o Tipo III e IV obteve maior expressividade em homens, enquanto os sulcos II e I apresentaram-se prevalentes no sexo feminino (p menor que 0,001). Conclusão: o estudo das características labiais apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significantes no que condiz à análise dos padrões dos sulcos labiais, segundo o sexo do indivíduo, sendo sua análise relevante no método de identificação queiloscópica. As comissuras e a espessura labial não apresentaram tendências divergentes entre homens e mulheres.


Objective: To perform a cheiloscopy study by the analysis of lip characteristics as a method for human identification, observing the possible divergences among the phenotypical expression patterns of lip grooves, according to the gender. Method: The lip pattern of 104 undergraduate dental students was investigated. The lip thickness on the midline was measured, using the Hyzer-Krauss scale, which classifies the lips as thin, mean, thick or mixed. To analyze the lip commissure disposition, two photographs were taken of each participant, and classified as horizontal, downward and upward. For groove classification (Types: I - complete vertical lines; I? - incomplete vertical lines; II - branched lines; III - crossed lines; IV - reticular lines and V - undefined patterns) individual lipsticks were used and impressions were made on white carton paper with a ?roll? movement from left to right. Data were analyzed statistically by the Pearson?s chi square and Fisher?s exact tests (p=0.05). Results: The highest percentages were for horizontal commissures (58.7%) and mixed lips (64.4%) and the lower lips tended to be thicker. As for the grooves, Type II was the most frequent, followed by Types III (23.2%) and I (22.8%). For the gender variable, grooves types III and IV were more expressed among men, while types II and I prevailed among women (p less than 0.001). Conclusion: The study of lip characteristics revealed statistically significant differences relative to the analysis of lip grooves, according to the gender, and its analysis is relevant in cheiloscopy identification method. The lip commissures and lip thickness presented no divergent tendencies between men and women.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Forensic Anthropology , Lip/anatomy & histology , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Brazil , Photography/instrumentation , Chi-Square Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Esthetics/classification , Forensic Dentistry
14.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 6(2): 175-179, ago. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-657687

ABSTRACT

El trígono retromolar es un área triangular ubicado en la mandíbula, posterior al último molar. Esta región, debido al grosor y densidad ósea que presenta, es utilizada para la instalación de dispositivos que ofrezcan un sistema de anclaje para el movimiento de los molares inferiores. El objetivo de esta investigación es ofrecer datos morfométricos del grosor de la mucosa de región del trígono retromolar. Se utilizaron 25 pacientes de nacionalidad portuguesa, con indicación de exodoncia del tercer molar inferior retenido (derecho y/o izquierdo). En la región del trígono retromolar fueron demarcados 3 puntos correspondientes a los vértices de un triángulo cuya base se quedaba dirigida hacia la cara distal del tercer molar inferior y el largo de las vertientes correspondían a la dimensión vestíbulolingual del mismo diente; luego fue demarcado un cuarto punto correspondiente al centro geométrico del triángulo. Con un espaciador digital puntiagudo con tope de silicona incorporado se hizo la medición del grosor de la mucosa en cada punto. Los datos obtenidos fueron tabulados y analizados. El menor valor promedio encontrado fue 5,5mm en el lado derecho y el mayor fue 7,13mm en el lado izquierdo. Considerando los valores promedios obtenidos en los puntos de la mucosa, concluimos que la región del trígono retromolar presenta una mucosa gruesa, por lo tanto, los mini implantes indicados para esta región deben tener cuello transmucoso largo.


The retromolar triangle is a triangular area located in the mandible, posteriorly to the last molar. This region, due its thickness and bone density, is widely used for the installation of devices that provide an anchorage system for the movement of the lower molars. The aim of this research is to provide morphometric data of the mucosa thickness of the retromolar triangle. Twenty-five patients of portuguese nationality, with indication for extraction of the impacted lower third molar (right and/or left), were studied. In the region of the retromolar triangle were demarcated 3 points corresponding to the vertices of a triangle whose the base was torned for the distal face of the lower third molar and the lenght of the sides corresponded to vestibulolingual dimension of the same tooth, then was demarcated a fourth point corresponding to the geometric center of the triangle. Then, using a finger spreader with silicone stop were measured the mucosal tickness at each point. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed. The lowest average value found was 5.5mm on the right side and the highest average value found was 7.13mm on the left side. Considering the mean values obtained at the points of the retromolar triangle mucosa measured in this study, we conclude that the retromolar triangle shows thick mucosa, so the mini-implants indicated for this region should have a long transmucosal neck.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Dental Implants , Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Miniaturization , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology
15.
Braz. oral res ; 26(1): 36-42, Jan.-Feb. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-622922

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to measure the thickness of the hard palate and its overlying mucosa using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), for purposes of miniscrew placement. The sample comprised 36 CBCT scans of patients aged 12 to 52 years from a database of the Orthodontics Department of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Paracoronal views of the palatal region were reconstructed at 4, 8, 16 and 24 mm posterior to the incisive foramen. In each reconstruction measurements were taken at the suture, 3 mm and 6 mm bilaterally to it. Wilcoxon's test verified the differences between the selected regions. Total bone height decreased from the anterior to the posterior region. In cross sections 4, 16 and 24, bone height decreased from the suture laterally to the 3 mm region and then increased in the 6 mm region. The cortical thickness does not seem to be a concern because it presented a mean thickness of at least 1 mm at all sites evaluated. The measurements of the mucosa thickness decreased from lateral to median and from anterior to posterior regions. The most suitable areas for miniscrew placement in the palate are located 4 mm posterior to the incisive foramen, in the median or paramedian regions 3 mm adjacent to the suture.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Mouth Mucosa , Palate, Hard , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Organ Size , Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures , Palate, Hard/anatomy & histology , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results , Statistics, Nonparametric
17.
Perionews ; 5(5): 513-518, set. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-686340

ABSTRACT

A Síndrome de Apert é uma anomalia genética que afeta cerca de 1:160.000 nascimentos. As características clínicas frequentemente encontradas na cavidade bucal de indivíduos com Síndrome de Apert são anomalias dentárias como erupção ectópica, hipodontia e dentes supranumerários, dentes não irrompidos, bem como a gengiva espessa. Este estudo avaliou as condições periodontais de indivíduos com Síndrome de Apert. O exame clínico foi realizado em 20 pacientes com idade entre dez e 30 anos. Todos os dentes na arcada dentária foram examinados e os parâmetros clínicos avaliados foram: profundidade de sondagem, nível de inserção, índice de placa e índice gengival. Foram realizadas comparações descritivas entre os valores médios destes parâmetros. Quanto a profundidade de sondagem e o nível clínico de inserção, os locais com menores medidas inferiores ou iguais a 3 mm foram as mais prevalentes, seguido por sítios com 4-5 mm, tanto em dentes superiores como em inferiores. A média do índice gengival em sítios vestibulares dos dentes superiores foi de 1,4 e 1,5 em sítios linguais. De acordo com os resultados apresentados, os sítios palatinos de indivíduos com Síndrome de Apert não apresentam maior prevalência de doença periodontal em relação aos outros locais, apesar do aumento volumétrico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Acrocephalosyndactylia , Cross-Sectional Studies , Gingival Hyperplasia , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Palate/anatomy & histology , Tooth Abnormalities
18.
Acta cir. bras ; 26(3): 227-234, May-June 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-583744

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To establish an experimental model of traumatic ulcer in rat cheek mucosa for utilization in future alternative therapy studies. METHODS: A total of 60 adult male rats (250 - 300g) were used. Ulceration of the left cheek mucosa was provoked by abrasion using a nº 15 scalpel blade. The animals were observed for 10 days, during which they were weighed and their ulcers were measured. The histological characteristics were analyzed and scored according to the ulcer phase. In the statistical analysis, a value of p<0.01 was considered a statistically significant response in all cases. RESULTS: During the five first days, the animals lost weight (Student t test, p<0.01). The ulcerated area receded linearly over time and was almost completely cicatrized after 10 days (ANOVA, Tendency posttest, p<0.0001). Groups on days 1, 2 and 3 days displayed similar results, but a decrease in scores were observed after the 4th day. CONCLUSION: The proposed cheek mucosa ulcer model in rats can be considered an efficient, low-cost, reliable, and reproducible method.


OBJETIVO: Estabelecer um modelo experimental de úlcera traumática em mucosa jugal de ratos para utilização em futuros testes de terapias alternativas. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 60 ratos, adultos, machos, pesando entre 250 a 300g. A ulceração na mucosa jugal esquerda foi provocada por meio da abrasão desta com uma lâmina de bisturi número 15. Os animais foram observados por um período de 10 dias, sendo estes pesados e suas escoriações mensuradas. As características histológicas foram analisadas e descritas adotando escores para comparação dos estágios da fase da úlcera. Na análise estatística um valor de p<0,01 foi considerado uma resposta estatisticamente significante em todos os casos. RESULTADOS: Durante os cinco primeiros dias os animais perderam peso ("t" Student - p<0,01). A área da úlcera regrediu linearmente com o tempo, estando quase que completamente cicatrizada ao final de dez dias (ANOVA, pós-teste de Tendência - p<0,0001). Os grupos do 1º, 2º e 3º dias tiveram comportamento semelhante havendo uma diminuição dos escores a partir do 4º dia. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo de úlcera na mucosa jugal de ratos proposto pode ser considerado eficaz, apresentando reprodutibilidade confiável e baixo custo.


Subject(s)
Rats , Rats/classification , Oral Ulcer/veterinary , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Complementary Therapies/trends
19.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-139773

ABSTRACT

Background: Establishing a person's identity in postmortem scenarios can be a very difficult process. Dental records, fingerprint and DNA comparisons are probably the most common techniques used in this context, allowing fast and reliable identification processes. However, under certain circumstances they cannot always be used; sometimes it is necessary to apply different and less known techniques. In forensic identification, lip prints and palatal rugae patterns can lead us to important information and help in a person's identification. This study aims to ascertain the use of lip prints and palatal rugae pattern in identification and sex differentiation. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 subjects, 50 males and 50 females were selected from among the students of Subharti Dental College, Meerut. The materials used to record lip prints were lipstick, bond paper, cellophane tape, a brush for applying the lipstick, and a magnifying lens. To study palatal rugae, alginate impressions were taken and the dental casts analyzed for their various patterns. Results: Statistical analysis (applying Z-test for proportion) showed significant difference for type I, I', IV and V lip patterns (P < 0.05) in males and females, while no significant difference was observed for the same in the palatal rugae patterns (P > 0.05). Conclusion: This study not only showed that palatal rugae and lip prints are unique to an individual, but also that lip prints is more reliable for recognition of the sex of an individual.


Subject(s)
Adult , Models, Dental , Dermatoglyphics , Female , Forensic Anthropology/methods , Forensic Dentistry , Humans , Lip/anatomy & histology , Male , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Palate/anatomy & histology , Sex Factors , Young Adult
20.
Int. j. morphol ; 27(3): 801-803, sept. 2009. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-598939

ABSTRACT

The intra-buccal polymeric bioadhesive systems that can stay adhered to the oral soft tissues for drug programmed release, with the preventive and/or therapeutic purpose has been employed for large clinical situations. A system based on hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose/Carbopol 934'/magnesium stearate (HPMC/Cp/StMg) was developed having the sodium fluoride as active principle. This kind of system was evaluated according to its resistance to the removal by means of physical test of tensile strength. Swine buccal mucosa extracted immediately after animals' sacrifice was employed as substrate for the physical trials, to obtain 16 test bodies. Artificial saliva with or without mucin was used to involve the substrate/bioadhesive system sets during the trials. Artificial salivas viscosity was determined by means of Brookfield viscometer, showing the artificial saliva with mucin 10.0 cP, and the artificial saliva without mucin 7.5 cP. The tensile strength assays showed the following averages: for the group "artificial saliva with mucin" - 12.89 Pa, and for the group "without mucin" - 12.35 Pa. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the assays for both artificial salivas, and it was possible to conclude that the variable mucin did not interfered with the bioadhesion process for the polymeric devices. The device was able to release fluoride in a safe, efficient and constant way up to 8 hours.


Los sistemas bioadhesivos poliméricos intra-bucales pueden permanecer adheridos a los tejidos blandos orales para una liberación programada de fármacos, con finalidad preventiva y/o propósito terapéutico han sido empleados en diversas situaciones clínicas. Un sistema basado en Hidroxipropilmetilcelulosa/Carbopol934Ô/ estearato de magnesio (HPMC/Cp/StMg) fue desarrollado con fluorato de sodio como principio activo. Este tipo de sistema fue evaluado de acuerdo a su resistencia a la eliminación física por medio de pruebas de resistencia a la tracción. Mucosas bucales de cerdos fueron tomadas inmediatamente después del sacrificio de los animales y se utilizaron como sustrato para las pruebas físicas, obteniendo 16 cuerpos de prueba. Saliva artificial con o sin mucina fue utilizada para participar como parte del sistema sustrato/bioadesivo durante los ensayos. La viscosidad de la saliva artificial, se determinó mediante un viscosímetro Brookfield, mostrando la saliva artificial con mucina 10,0 cP y saliva artificial sin mucina 7,5 cP. Las pruebas de resistencia a la tracción mostraron los siguientes promedios: para la "saliva artificial con mucina" - 12,89 Pa, y para el grupo "sin mucina" - 12,35 Pa. El análisis estadístico no mostró diferencias significativas entre las pruebas de saliva artificial, y es posible concluir que la variable de mucina no interfiere con el proceso de bioadhesión del dispositivo polimérico. El dispositivo fue capaz de liberar fluor de forma segura, eficiente y constante durante un máximo de hasta 8 horas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Adult , Fluorine/analysis , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Mouth Mucosa , Swine/anatomy & histology , Swine/classification , Swine/physiology , Tissue Conditioning, Dental/methods , Mucins/administration & dosage , Drug Delivery Systems/methods
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